Dry ice is a name for frozen solid carbon dioxide. In British English other names for it are cardice and card ice. The substance was first discovered by a French inventor called Adrien Jean Thilorier in the year 1835. Thomas Slate from the US later patented the product in the year 1924 in order to sell it on commercial scale and by so doing made it an industry it itself. Hence when one requires supply of dry ice Columbus Ohio is among the places that can supply it in large scale. Later after being patented by Thomas other corporations came into existence and began selling it for different purposes.
Production is simple and can be performed on both small and commercial scale. Derivation of carbon dioxide gas from substances that have it in large amounts is the first step. Gaseous carbon dioxide can be produced from large scale fermentation and extraction of ammonia from natural gas. After extraction, the gas is liquefied by subjecting it to low temperatures and very high pressure.
The pressure is then lowered after the gas is liquefied. Once pressure is lowered, some of the liquid carbon dioxide vaporizes causing a quick drop in temperature of liquid abandoned behind. As a result, the liquid changes state into a snowy solid. The solid may then be manipulated to change it into pellets or blocks. The production process takes varying time depending on amount involved.
There are two standard forms in which dry ice is used, that is, blocks and pellets in cylindrical shape. Commonly, standard blocks of cardice weigh about 30 kilograms. This size of blocks is commonly used in the shipping industry due to their ability to sublimate slowly. Pellets on the other hand measure about one centimeter in diameter and can be carried with ease. These ones find use in small scale applications such as laboratories and groceries.
Physical and chemical characteristics of gaseous carbon dioxide and dry ice are same. The density is a variable value but it mostly lies in the range of 1.6 to 1.4 grams for every cubic centimeter. At around -56.4 degrees Centigrade of temperature and 5.13 PA of pressure it turns state to gas directly skipping the liquid state. This direct conversion is known as sublimation and the effective cooling property of the substance depend on it.
Applications of the material are many and different and spread into commercial, residential, industrial, and scientific spheres. Among fields of application are camping, fishing, beaching, deep sea fishing, backpacking, travelling, hunting, and in bad climatic conditions among others. Applications keep increasing due to technological advancements.
On commercial scale foods that need chilling or freezing so as to stay fresh are preserved using this product. Biological supplies, medical supplies, and ice creams are some of the foods conserved. In enclosed grain cans it is utilized to arrest and impede insect activity whereas in other uses it acts as bait for mosquitoes and bed-bugs.
Blast cleaning is one of the large scale applications of cardice. Pellets are good at removing on various surfaces as a result of combined activity of sublimation and propulsion speed. Pellets get thrust from pressure nozzles onto surfaces being cleaned. Rubber, ink, oil, glue, and mold are some of the substances it can remove.
Production is simple and can be performed on both small and commercial scale. Derivation of carbon dioxide gas from substances that have it in large amounts is the first step. Gaseous carbon dioxide can be produced from large scale fermentation and extraction of ammonia from natural gas. After extraction, the gas is liquefied by subjecting it to low temperatures and very high pressure.
The pressure is then lowered after the gas is liquefied. Once pressure is lowered, some of the liquid carbon dioxide vaporizes causing a quick drop in temperature of liquid abandoned behind. As a result, the liquid changes state into a snowy solid. The solid may then be manipulated to change it into pellets or blocks. The production process takes varying time depending on amount involved.
There are two standard forms in which dry ice is used, that is, blocks and pellets in cylindrical shape. Commonly, standard blocks of cardice weigh about 30 kilograms. This size of blocks is commonly used in the shipping industry due to their ability to sublimate slowly. Pellets on the other hand measure about one centimeter in diameter and can be carried with ease. These ones find use in small scale applications such as laboratories and groceries.
Physical and chemical characteristics of gaseous carbon dioxide and dry ice are same. The density is a variable value but it mostly lies in the range of 1.6 to 1.4 grams for every cubic centimeter. At around -56.4 degrees Centigrade of temperature and 5.13 PA of pressure it turns state to gas directly skipping the liquid state. This direct conversion is known as sublimation and the effective cooling property of the substance depend on it.
Applications of the material are many and different and spread into commercial, residential, industrial, and scientific spheres. Among fields of application are camping, fishing, beaching, deep sea fishing, backpacking, travelling, hunting, and in bad climatic conditions among others. Applications keep increasing due to technological advancements.
On commercial scale foods that need chilling or freezing so as to stay fresh are preserved using this product. Biological supplies, medical supplies, and ice creams are some of the foods conserved. In enclosed grain cans it is utilized to arrest and impede insect activity whereas in other uses it acts as bait for mosquitoes and bed-bugs.
Blast cleaning is one of the large scale applications of cardice. Pellets are good at removing on various surfaces as a result of combined activity of sublimation and propulsion speed. Pellets get thrust from pressure nozzles onto surfaces being cleaned. Rubber, ink, oil, glue, and mold are some of the substances it can remove.
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